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Well Log-Guided Synthesis of Subsurface Images from Sparse Petrography Data Using cGANs

arXiv cs.LG / 3/11/2026

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Key Points

  • The paper introduces a conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) framework designed to synthesize realistic thin section images of carbonate rock formations based on porosity values derived from well logs.
  • The model is trained on 5,000 sub-images from 15 petrography samples spanning depths of 1992-2000m, achieving 81% accuracy within a 10% margin for target porosity.
  • This approach enables continuous pore-scale imaging along the wellbore, effectively bridging data gaps caused by traditionally discrete core sampling depths.
  • The synthesized images aid detailed reservoir characterization and have applications in energy transition fields such as carbon capture and underground hydrogen storage.
  • The work showcases the integration of geophysical well log data with deep learning models to generate geologically consistent subsurface visualizations at scale.

Computer Science > Machine Learning

arXiv:2603.09651 (cs)
[Submitted on 10 Mar 2026]

Title:Well Log-Guided Synthesis of Subsurface Images from Sparse Petrography Data Using cGANs

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Abstract:Pore-scale imaging of subsurface formations is costly and limited to discrete depths, creating significant gaps in reservoir characterization. To address this, we present a conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) framework for synthesizing realistic thin section images of carbonate rock formations, conditioned on porosity values derived from well logs. The model is trained on 5,000 sub-images extracted from 15 petrography samples over a depth interval of 1992-2000m, the model generates geologically consistent images across a wide porosity range (0.004-0.745), achieving 81% accuracy within a 10\% margin of target porosity values. The successful integration of well log data with the trained generator enables continuous pore-scale visualization along the wellbore, bridging gaps between discrete core sampling points and providing valuable insights for reservoir characterization and energy transition applications such as carbon capture and underground hydrogen storage.
Comments:
Subjects: Machine Learning (cs.LG); Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
Cite as: arXiv:2603.09651 [cs.LG]
  (or arXiv:2603.09651v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.09651
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arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Submission history

From: Ali Sadeghkhani [view email]
[v1] Tue, 10 Mar 2026 13:29:38 UTC (727 KB)
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