Supporting Evidence for the Adaptive Feature Program across Diverse Models

arXiv stat.ML / 4/8/2026

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Key Points

  • The paper discusses the adaptive feature program, which aims to study how neural networks learn features in a more abstract theoretical framework.
  • Using the motivation from Le Cam equivalence, it argues that over-parameterized sequence models can simplify the analysis of training dynamics for the adaptive feature program.
  • It introduces a feature error measure (FEM) to quantify the quality of learned features and track learning progress.
  • The authors provide evidence that FEM decreases during training for multiple adaptive feature models, including linear regression and single/multiple index models.
  • Overall, the results are presented as suggestive support that the adaptive feature program may succeed in explaining feature learning behavior.

Abstract

Theoretically exploring the advantages of neural networks might be one of the most challenging problems in the AI era. An adaptive feature program has recently been proposed to analyze feature learning, the characteristic property of neural networks, in a more abstract way. Motivated by the celebrated Le Cam equivalence, we advocate the over-parameterized sequence models to further simplify the analysis of the training dynamics of adaptive feature program and present several pieces of supporting evidence for the adaptive feature program. More precisely, after having introduced the feature error measure (FEM) to characterize the quality of the learned feature, we show that the FEM is decreasing during the training process of several concrete adaptive feature models including linear regression, single/multiple index models, etc. We believe that this hints at the potential successes of the adaptive feature program.