Cross-Domain Data Selection and Augmentation for Automatic Compliance Detection

arXiv cs.CL / 4/24/2026

📰 NewsIdeas & Deep AnalysisModels & Research

Key Points

  • The paper argues that automatic regulatory compliance detection is hard because legal text varies widely, and models trained on one regulation often fail to generalize to others.
  • It frames compliance detection as a natural language inference (NLI) problem and studies data selection to reduce negative transfer during cross-domain adaptation.
  • Four strategies for choosing augmentation data from a larger source domain are evaluated: random sampling, Moore-Lewis cross-entropy difference, importance weighting, and embedding-based retrieval.
  • By systematically varying the fraction of selected data, the authors show that targeted selection can significantly improve cross-domain transfer and make compliance automation more reliable across heterogeneous regulations.

Abstract

Automating the detection of regulatory compliance remains a challenging task due to the complexity and variability of legal texts. Models trained on one regulation often fail to generalise to others. This limitation underscores the need for principled methods to improve cross-domain transfer. We study data selection as a strategy to mitigate negative transfer in compliance detection framed as a natural language inference (NLI) task. Specifically, we evaluate four approaches for selecting augmentation data from a larger source domain: random sampling, Moore-Lewis's cross-entropy difference, importance weighting, and embedding-based retrieval. We systematically vary the proportion of selected data to analyse its effect on cross-domain adaptation. Our findings demonstrate that targeted data selection substantially reduces negative transfer, offering a practical path toward scalable and reliable compliance automation across heterogeneous regulations.