From Static Analysis to Audience Dissemination: A Training-Free Multimodal Controversy Detection Multi-Agent Framework

Abstract

Multimodal controversy detection (MCD) identifies controversial content in videos and their associated user comments, to support risk management for social video platforms.Prior research frames MCD as a static representation learning task, where features are directly extracted from videos and their accompanying comments. However, these methods fail to capture the diverse perspectives and evaluations from different audience groups. Inspired by the real-world process of content dissemination among audiences, we propose AuDisAgent, a training-free multi-agent framework that reformulates MCD as a dynamic propagation process.Our framework explicitly models audience dissemination through a structured multi-agent system. First, three specialized Screening Agents (Video Agent, Comment Agent, and Interaction Agent) conduct initial assessments from visual, textual, and cross-modal perspectives, respectively. For samples where the three agents cannot reach a consensus, a Viewing Panel Agent is activated to simulate post-screening discussions among audiences with diverse backgrounds and stances. This mechanism models how different audience groups interpret and react to the same content, uncovering latent controversial content that may emerge during the dissemination process. Finally, an Arbitration Agent renders the final judgment based on the complete reasoning chain from the preceding steps.In addition, to address the "cold-start" scenario where newly released videos have few or no comments, we design a Comment Bootstrapping Strategy that leverages historical public comments from semantically similar videos as the initial comment context. Extensive experiments on a public dataset demonstrate that our framework significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods in both rich-comment and limited-comment scenarios.