Looking for the Bottleneck in Fine-grained Temporal Relation Classification

arXiv cs.CL / 4/28/2026

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Key Points

  • The paper addresses fine-grained temporal relation classification, which aims to determine how two temporal entities relate in time within text.
  • It argues that earlier simplifications of datasets (reducing the relation set) limited progress, and it re-expands the problem to interval relations across the full set of relations between two time intervals.
  • The proposed method, “Interval from Point,” first predicts point relations at the endpoints of temporal entities and then decodes those predictions into an interval-level temporal relation.
  • Experiments on TempEval-3 show strong performance, reaching a temporal awareness score of 70.1%, reported as a new state of the art for the benchmark.

Abstract

Temporal relation classification is the task of determining the temporal relation between pairs of temporal entities in a text. Despite recent advancements in natural language processing, temporal relation classification remains a considerable challenge. Early attempts framed this task using a comprehensive set of temporal relations between events and temporal expressions. However, due to the task complexity, datasets have been progressively simplified, leading recent approaches to focus on the relations between event pairs and to use only a subset of relations. In this work, we revisit the broader goal of classifying interval relations between temporal entities by considering the full set of relations that can hold between two time intervals. The proposed approach, Interval from Point, involves first classifying the point relations between the endpoints of the temporal entities and then decoding these point relations into an interval relation. Evaluation on the TempEval-3 dataset shows that this approach can yield effective results, achieving a temporal awareness score of 70.1 percent, a new state-of-the-art on this benchmark.