Even More Guarantees for Variational Inference in the Presence of Symmetries

arXiv cs.LG / 4/24/2026

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Key Points

  • The paper studies variational inference (VI) under misspecification, asking when key properties of a true target distribution can still be recovered even if the variational family does not contain the target.
  • It extends prior robust VI results to location–scale variational families when the target distribution has symmetries.
  • The authors provide sufficient conditions under which the target mean can be exactly recovered when optimizing using forward KL divergence and certain alpha-divergences.
  • They also explain scenarios where optimization fails to recover the target mean if those conditions are not met, and offer early guidance on selecting the variational family and the alpha value.

Abstract

When approximating an intractable density via variational inference (VI) the variational family is typically chosen as a simple parametric family that very likely does not contain the target. This raises the question: Under which conditions can we recover characteristics of the target despite misspecification? In this work, we extend previous results on robust VI with location-scale families under target symmetries. We derive sufficient conditions guaranteeing exact recovery of the mean when using the forward Kullback-Leibler divergence and \alpha-divergences. We further show how and why optimization can fail to recover the target mean in the absence of our sufficient conditions, providing initial guidelines on the choice of the variational family and \alpha-value.