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Quantifying and extending the coverage of spatial categorization data sets

arXiv cs.CL / 3/11/2026

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Key Points

  • Large language models (LLMs) generate spatial relation labels that align closely with human labels, enabling improved spatial categorization studies across languages.
  • The research extends the Topological Relations Picture Series (TRPS) by adding 42 new scenes, enhancing coverage of spatial relationship scenarios beyond previous expansions.
  • LLM-generated labels assist in selecting which scenes and languages to include in spatial data sets, facilitating scalable dataset growth involving dozens of languages and hundreds of scenes.
  • This approach lays the groundwork for more comprehensive and linguistically diverse spatial categorization data sets valuable for cognitive and computational linguistic research.
  • The method demonstrates a novel application of LLMs in improving dataset design and coverage in spatial relation representation tasks.

Computer Science > Computation and Language

arXiv:2603.09373 (cs)
[Submitted on 10 Mar 2026]

Title:Quantifying and extending the coverage of spatial categorization data sets

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Abstract:Variation in spatial categorization across languages is often studied by eliciting human labels for the relations depicted in a set of scenes known as the Topological Relations Picture Series (TRPS). We demonstrate that labels generated by large language models (LLMs) align relatively well with human labels, and show how LLM-generated labels can help to decide which scenes and languages to add to existing spatial data sets. To illustrate our approach we extend the TRPS by adding 42 new scenes, and show that this extension achieves better coverage of the space of possible scenes than two previous extensions of the TRPS. Our results provide a foundation for scaling towards spatial data sets with dozens of languages and hundreds of scenes.
Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
Cite as: arXiv:2603.09373 [cs.CL]
  (or arXiv:2603.09373v1 [cs.CL] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.09373
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arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Submission history

From: Wanchun Li [view email]
[v1] Tue, 10 Mar 2026 08:49:11 UTC (2,423 KB)
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