Physics-Aware Video Instance Removal Benchmark

arXiv cs.CV / 4/8/2026

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Key Points

  • The paper introduces Physics-Aware Video Instance Removal (PVIR), a new benchmark for removing target objects from videos while preserving background physical realism (e.g., reflections and illumination interactions).
  • PVIR contains 95 high-quality videos with instance-accurate masks and removal prompts, split into Simple and Hard subsets to explicitly test complex physical side effects.
  • The authors evaluate four methods (PISCO-Removal, UniVideo, DiffuEraser, and CoCoCo) using a decoupled human evaluation protocol that separates semantic, visual, and spatial failures.
  • Results indicate PISCO-Removal and UniVideo reach state-of-the-art performance, while DiffuEraser often adds blurring artifacts and CoCoCo performs poorly on instruction following.
  • The persistent performance gap on the Hard subset underscores that recovering physically triggered artifacts (like lingering shadows) remains an open challenge for current approaches.

Abstract

Video Instance Removal (VIR) requires removing target objects while maintaining background integrity and physical consistency, such as specular reflections and illumination interactions. Despite advancements in text-guided editing, current benchmarks primarily assess visual plausibility, often overlooking the physical causalities, such as lingering shadows, triggered by object removal. We introduce the Physics-Aware Video Instance Removal (PVIR) benchmark, featuring 95 high-quality videos annotated with instance-accurate masks and removal prompts. PVIR is partitioned into Simple and Hard subsets, the latter explicitly targeting complex physical interactions. We evaluate four representative methods, PISCO-Removal, UniVideo, DiffuEraser, and CoCoCo, using a decoupled human evaluation protocol across three dimensions to isolate semantic, visual, and spatial failures: instruction following, rendering quality, and edit exclusivity. Our results show that PISCO-Removal and UniVideo achieve state-of-the-art performance, while DiffuEraser frequently introduces blurring artifacts and CoCoCo struggles significantly with instruction following. The persistent performance drop on the Hard subset highlights the ongoing challenge of recovering complex physical side effects.