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Democratising Clinical AI through Dataset Condensation for Classical Clinical Models

arXiv cs.LG / 3/11/2026

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Key Points

  • Dataset condensation (DC) creates compact synthetic datasets that enable models to achieve performance comparable to full-data training while focusing on utility rather than exact data distribution.
  • DC paired with differential privacy can provide a safe way to share healthcare data by generating synthetic data that protects sensitive patient information.
  • Existing DC approaches mainly work with differentiable neural networks, limiting their compatibility with common clinical models like decision trees and Cox regression.
  • The authors propose a novel differentially private, zero-order optimization method that applies DC to non-differentiable classical clinical models using only function evaluations.
  • Empirical evaluation on six clinical datasets shows that this method preserves model utility and privacy, facilitating model-agnostic, privacy-preserving data sharing for clinical prediction tasks.

Computer Science > Machine Learning

arXiv:2603.09356 (cs)
[Submitted on 10 Mar 2026]

Title:Democratising Clinical AI through Dataset Condensation for Classical Clinical Models

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Abstract:Dataset condensation (DC) learns a compact synthetic dataset that enables models to match the performance of full-data training, prioritising utility over distributional fidelity. While typically explored for computational efficiency, DC also holds promise for healthcare data democratisation, especially when paired with differential privacy, allowing synthetic data to serve as a safe alternative to real records. However, existing DC methods rely on differentiable neural networks, limiting their compatibility with widely used clinical models such as decision trees and Cox regression. We address this gap using a differentially private, zero-order optimisation framework that extends DC to non-differentiable models using only function evaluations. Empirical results across six datasets, including both classification and survival tasks, show that the proposed method produces condensed datasets that preserve model utility while providing effective differential privacy guarantees - enabling model-agnostic data sharing for clinical prediction tasks without exposing sensitive patient information.
Comments:
Subjects: Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
Cite as: arXiv:2603.09356 [cs.LG]
  (or arXiv:2603.09356v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.09356
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arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Submission history

From: Pafue Christy Nganjimi [view email]
[v1] Tue, 10 Mar 2026 08:36:39 UTC (3,944 KB)
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